A microphone with a disklike attachment for listening to audio from great distances is known as a:

A microphone with a disklike attachment that allows it to capture audio from great distances is known as a parabolic microphone. This design leverages the principles of parabolic acoustics, where the parabolic shape of the dish collects and focuses sound waves onto the microphone, which is placed at the focal point. This enables the microphone to pick up sounds that are far away while minimizing background noise, making it particularly useful in applications like wildlife recording, sports events, and surveillance.

The characteristics of the parabolic microphone—especially its directional picking capabilities—distinguish it from other types of microphones. For example, a contact microphone captures vibrations directly from a surface rather than picking up airborne sound. An ultrasonic microphone, on the other hand, is designed to detect ultrasonic waves, which are not relevant in this context of long-distance audio capture. Thus, the unique functionality of the parabolic microphone makes it the correct answer for this question.