How does an effective access control system enhance security?

An effective access control system enhances security primarily by limiting access to authorized individuals. This approach is fundamental to protecting sensitive areas, information, and resources within an organization. By ensuring that only those with the appropriate credentials can enter specific locations or systems, an access control system helps to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access, theft, or sabotage.

This system may employ various methods such as key cards, biometric scans, or security codes, each designed to verify an individual's identity before granting them access. The key aspect here is not just the limitation of physical entry but also the assurance that sensitive information and critical assets remain protected from potential threats.

In contrast, the other options suggest approaches that could weaken security. Monitoring employee interactions, for example, does not inherently secure access to physical spaces or information and can raise privacy issues. Promoting open access policies would directly contradict the fundamental concept of access control by allowing unrestricted entry, thus increasing vulnerability. Similarly, defining work hours does not address the security measures necessary to control access during those hours or outside of them.