What do statements by persons that describe things as they are said to be constitute?

The correct answer is warranties. In the context of contracts and agreements, a warranty refers to statements or assurances made by one party regarding the condition or quality of the goods or services being offered. These statements are representations that the product or service will meet certain standards or specifications.

When a person describes an item or a service as having specific attributes, those descriptions become legally binding promises. For example, if a seller states that a product is "water-resistant," this representation serves as a warranty that the buyer can expect that the product will perform as described. If the product fails to meet that description, the buyer may have legal recourse based on the warranty.

Expressed contracts are explicitly stated agreements between parties, either in writing or verbally, detailing the terms and conditions of the contract. Implied contracts, on the other hand, are formed by the actions or conduct of the parties involved rather than written or spoken words. While each of these terms relates to agreements between parties, warranties specifically focus on the reliability of the descriptions provided about the goods or services, making them distinct from both expressed and implied contracts.