Which substance schedule has an accepted medical use and a low potential for abuse?

The correct choice is Schedule IV. Substances classified under Schedule IV have accepted medical uses and are recognized for their therapeutic benefits. They are also characterized by a low potential for abuse relative to substances in higher schedules. This means that while there is some risk associated with their use, it is lower than that of Schedule I, II, and III substances.

For example, medications like diazepam or alprazolam fall into this category, offering valuable medical benefits in the treatment of anxiety and other conditions while maintaining relatively lower risks of addiction or misuse. This classification helps ensure that patients have access to medications that can aid in treatment without exposing them to excessive risks.

In contrast, Schedule I substances have no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse, while Schedule II and III substances, although having medical uses, are associated with greater risks of dependence or abuse compared to those in Schedule IV. Understanding the classification of substances is vital for safe medical practice and regulatory compliance.