Which Supreme Court case established the right to conduct a frisk-type search when there is a belief the individual is armed?

The case that established the right to conduct a frisk-type search when there is a belief that an individual is armed is Terry v. Ohio. This landmark decision, issued in 1968, addressed the constitutionality of "stop and frisk" procedures by law enforcement officers. The Supreme Court ruled that police officers could stop and briefly detain a person based on reasonable suspicion that they are involved in criminal activity. If the officer also has reasonable belief that the person might be armed and dangerous, they are permitted to conduct a limited search, or frisk, to ensure the officer's safety.

The rationale behind this decision emphasizes the balance between the need for law enforcement to ensure their safety and the individual's Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures. This case set a significant precedent for the procedures followed by law enforcement agencies in similar situations.